Expanding on previous male-only studies, this 15-year prospective cohort study tracked 1,688 both male and female participants to observe cardiovascular mortality risk.
The Bottom Line
Higher frequency and duration of sauna bathing are strongly and independently associated with reduced fatal cardiovascular events in both middle-aged males and females. This study confirmed that women receive the same protective benefits as men from regular sauna use.
The Science
Previous landmark studies focused exclusively on men, leaving questions about whether women would see similar benefits. This 15-year prospective study addressed that gap by following 1,688 participants (51% women) from the general population of Eastern Finland.
The results confirmed cardiovascular protection extends to both sexes. Participants using the sauna 2-3 times weekly had a 29% lower risk of fatal cardiovascular disease compared to once-weekly users. Those using it 4-7 times weekly showed even greater protection. The relationship remained significant after adjusting for age, sex, BMI, blood pressure, cholesterol, diabetes, smoking, and physical activity.
Duration also mattered: sessions of 15 minutes or longer provided greater benefit than shorter sessions. The combination of frequent use (4+ times weekly) and longer duration (15-20 minutes) appeared to offer maximum cardiovascular protection.
This study importantly validated that sauna bathing is not just a male health intervention—women can expect equivalent cardiovascular benefits from regular heat exposure.
What This Means for Your Sauna Choice
For whole-family cardiovascular benefit, consider a 2-person or larger sauna that allows comfortable sessions of 15-20 minutes. Both traditional and infrared models work well. For traditional saunas, ensure adequate heater power (6+ kW for 2-person) to maintain temperatures of 80°C+. For infrared, full-spectrum heaters provide the deepest tissue penetration. Prioritize models with comfortable bench configurations that support longer sessions.
Source: BMC Medicine, 2018